Thames & Kosmos Creative Cosmetics Lab handleiding

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Handleiding

The

color tone

of your skin

comes from the

color substance inside

the skin known as melanin.

Dark-skinned people

simply produce

more of it.

Light- or Dark-Skinned?

What’s the Diﬀerence?

The skin’s color is created in the deepest

layer of the epidermis, the stratum

germinativum. Here, specialized skin

cells called melanocytes produce a

colored substance called melanin. The

melanin is distributed to neighboring

cells and gives your skin its color. The

sun’s ultraviolet radiation darkens

the melanin, and also causes the

melanocytes to produce more melanin.

Whether you are light- or dark-skinned

has nothing to do with the number of

melanocytes you have, but rather with

the amount and composition of the

color material produced inside them.

Dark-skinned people produce enough

color material to color the entire surface

layer. In contrast, light-skinned people

produce only enough to color a few

cell layers. This natural phenomenon

has an important background: Like a

natural “sunscreen,” the pigmentation

in the cells captures the dangerous UV

radiation that skin is exposed to every

day. The pigmentation shields the

underlying, sensitive layers and protects

them from damage.

The thickness of the skin is not uniform.

At highly-loaded places, such as the soles

of your feet, the surface layer can be up

to 3/16 inch (~5 millimeters) thick. At

other locations, it is so thin that the light

reﬂected from the blood in the blood

vessels can give the skin a rose color, which

is especially clearly seen on the lips.

CHECK IT OUT

ELASTIC AND STRONG

Under the surface layer, or the epidermis

(layer A in the diagram on the previous

page), lies the dermis (layer B). It consists

of elastic, robust connective tissue — a

network of collagen and elastin ﬁbers —

and gives the skin its strength. The dermis is

crisscrossed by many ﬁne blood vessels and

lymph vessels that provide the skin with

nutrients and carry away waste products,

respectively.

Furthermore, in this skin layer there are

numerous nerve threads and sensing

organs with which you can receive the very

diﬀerent feelings of cold, heat, pressure,

or pain. In between these nerves, there

are crowded sweat and fat glands that

are important for heat regulation and the

formation of the protective water-fat ﬁlm of

the surface layer.

Fat glands occur only in connection with

hair. They serve to grease the hairs and the

skin and thereby keep them elastic and

ﬂexible.

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