Thames & Kosmos Solar Mechanics handleiding

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A French physicist named Alexandre-

Edmond Becquerel discovered the pho-

tovoltaic effect in 1839. He showed that

light can affect electrical current in ma-

terials. His experiment proved that

metal electrodes immersed in acid pro-

duce more electricity when they are

placed in the sunlight. Later on, scien-

tists named this the photoelectric ef-

fect, or photovoltaic effect. This impor-

tant discovery clearly showed that

under certain circumstances, light can

be converted into electrical energy.

In 1883, an American inventor named

Charles Fritts built the ﬁrst solar cell

using plates made of an element called

selenium. It was very inefﬁcient by to-

day’s standards.

Over the years, many scientists did a lot

of research on the photoelectric effect.

In 1939, an American engineer named

Russell Ohl discovered the p-n junction

in silicon, and by 1946, he had patented

the ﬁrst modern solar cell.

In 1958, the U.S. sent Vanguard I, the

ﬁrst solar-powered satellite, into space,

showing how much photovoltaic tech-

nology had progressed in just over 100

years.

Since the 1980s, photovoltaic systems

have been increasingly installed

around the world to generate electrici-

ty for commercial, residential, and in-

dustrial applications.

History of

Solar Cell

Technology

A single

silicon

crystal

Vanguard I (NASA)

CHECK IT OUT

24 | Powering Up: Solar Cells

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