Thames & Kosmos Solar Mechanics handleiding
Handleiding
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A solar cell is a flat device that uses an elec-
tronic material called a semiconductor to
convert photons, or particles of light ener-
gy, into electrical energy. The semiconduc-
tor creates a voltage, or difference in elec-
trical potential energy, between two
surfaces when it is exposed to light. You can
think of it like a battery, which also has a
voltage between to points. This technology
is called photovoltaics.
The phenomenon of electricity is nothing
more than the movement of negatively
charged particles, called electrons, through
a material, called a conductor. Electricity
flows easily through some materials, like
metal, and poorly or not at all through other
materials, like plastic. We have discovered
materials, like silicon, which are naturally
poor conductors in pure form, but can be
treated to become better conductors under
special conditions. These are called
semiconductors.
load
(motor)
electron flow
p-n junction
n-type layer
p-type layern-type layerp-type layern-type layerp-type layer
photons (sunlight)
contact layer
contact layer
load
(motor)
electron flow
n-type layerp-type layer
sun
electron
electron
hole
free
electron
sun
1. Two layers of silicon
There are two layers of treated silicon in
the solar cell. Phosphorus is added to the
first layer, resulting in an abundance of
free electrons. Because electrons have a
negative charge, this layer has a negative
charge, and is thus called n-type doped sil-
icon. The other layer is doped with Boron,
resulting in an absence of electrons, or
more holes for electrons. This gives the
layer an overall positive charge, and is
thus called p-type doped silicon.
2. The layers come together
The n-type silicon layer is positioned right
next to the p-type layer. All of the free ex-
tra electrons in the n-type layer flow to fill
up the holes in the p-type layer, creating
an electric field. Right along the line where
the two layers meet, something
load
(motor)
electron flow
p-n junction
n-type layerp-type layer
n-type layer
p-type layern-type layerp-type layer
photons (sunlight)
contact layer
contact layer
load
(motor)
electron flow
n-type layerp-type layer
sun
electron
electron
hole
free
electron
sun
How Does a Solar Cell Work?
In a solar cell, electrons are excited into motion by exposure to energy from light. The solar
cell is designed to make the electrons flow in a specific direction, creating a negative pole
on the side where there are more electrons and a positive pole on the side where there are
fewer electrons, or more “empty holes” for electrons. To achieve this electron flow, pure sil-
icon must be treated to become a better conductor. This is done by adding impurities, or
other elements, to the silicon, in a process called doping.
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Productinformatie
| Merk | Thames & Kosmos |
| Model | Solar Mechanics |
| Categorie | Niet gecategoriseerd |
| Taal | Nederlands |
| Grootte | 27416 MB |
Caratteristiche Prodotto
| Kleur van het product | Meerkleurig |
| Breedte | 226 mm |
| Diepte | 66 mm |
| Hoogte | 333 mm |
| Stroombron | Zonne-energie |
