Thames & Kosmos Pepper Mint in the Fantastic Underwater Science Voyage handleiding

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Thames & Kosmos

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Handleiding

WHAT IS ELECTRICITY?

An electrical current consists of moving

“electrons.” Electrons are tiny particles that

you can visualize as a crowd of tiny people

rushing through a tunnel. When they reach a

narrow spot in the tunnel, a jam occurs as

they all jostle together. The same thing

happens with the electrons in an electrical

wire. In this case, the wire gets really warm at

the narrow spot and may even start to glow.

That’s how light bulbs work.

ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

An electrical circuit consists of a power source (baery), a conductor (wire), and a device that uses the

electricity (motor). For the electric current to be able to ﬂow, the circuit must be complete. Another

thing that aﬀects the ﬂow of electrical current is how easy it is for the particles to travel through the

“tunnel” — in other words, it depends on how conductive the tunnel is. Some materials such as metals

(copper and silver, for example) are very conductive, so we call them conductors. Other materials such

as wood, rubber (elastic), and glass are non-conductors, or “insulators”.

Tip!

Don’t forget to switch oﬀ the baery

compartment when you’re not using the

propeller. To do this, just move the

switch to the “OFF” position or remove

the wires from the springs.

WHAT IS VOLTAGE?

We measure the tension of an electrical

current in volts. To continue the

metaphor, higher voltage corresponds

to stronger tiny people. They can push

the others more strongly through the

tunnel (the “conductor”). If the voltage

is too high, the electrons have too much

freedom to move around, and can even

ﬂy through the air. That’s when you see

sparks ﬂy.

WHAT’S

HAPPENING

You have just created an electrical circuit.

Electricity ﬂows from the baery through

the wires that you connected to the

springs, into the motor, and then back to

the baery again. The motor axle

rotates, which causes the propeller to

rotate on its own axle. Can you feel the

ﬂow of air generated by the propeller?

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