Thames & Kosmos Kids First: Crystals, Rocks & Minerals handleiding

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Thames & Kosmos

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Handleiding

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1 small spoon

During crystallization …

… your experimental setup should be left to stand in a

protected place.

Please note: All experiment jars should be marked with a

label indicating exactly what they contain. Cover them

with a thin cloth (such as a handkerchief) secured over the

opening with a rubber band. This will prevent dust and

dead insects from falling in.

For growing the crystals …

… you will need some additional containers. The best

kinds to use are empty jelly jars, washed clean and dried

well. You can also use a few of these containers to collect

crystal residues or leftover solutions of the used

substances. You have to be sure to label the jars clearly.

Self-adhesive labels are ideal, marked with a pencil (ink

would get smeared by water), and then covered over with

transparent tape to protect them from water. If you want

to dry the contents, all you have to do is remove the lid for

a few days. A warm location, such as a spot near a heater

or radiator, will speed up evaporation. Just be sure that

the container is stable and out of the reach of young

children and pets!

Water

You can make your crystal solutions using regular tap

water. However, distilled water works better. Distilled

water can be purchased from the supermarket or

drugstore. Tap water contains impurities depending on the

region and origin of the water. These are completely

harmless, or even healthy, for people to drink, but they

can hinder the growth of crystals.

When heating the solutions …

… you must not set your growing containers directly on a

burner or gas flame. This would make glass containers

crack and break, and plastic containers would melt.

Instead, get an old cooking pot, around 20 cm in diameter,

and fill it with a few centimeters of tap water. The water

level should be slightly lower than the level of liquid in

the growing container. Heat the water on the burner to just

below the boiling point.

Carefully carry the pot to your work area (ideally, have an

adult help you), and set it on a trivet. Now place your

growing jar in the pot and stir its contents with a wooden

spatula. The water will warm the jar contents, and the

crystal salt will soon dissolve and completely disappear.

If the salt does not dissolve well, take the growing

container out of the pot with a pot holder and heat the

water on the burner again, and then try to dissolve the salt

one more time. Caution! Do not burn yourself with the hot

water or on the pot, and don’t forget to turn the stove off

again.

Always have an adult help you when heating water or

solutions! Do not work alone!

Also, be very careful not to burn yourself or scald

yourself with hot water, and don’t spill any crystal salt

solutions! Don’t inhale the vapors that comes off the

crystal salt solutions when you heat them!

The quantity of water …

… that you will need for your experiments is indicated in

milliliters, or ml for short. Use the large measuring cup to

measure precise quantities of water. It has a scale on its

side with ml marks on it. Its total capacity is 125 ml. To

measure the amount of crystal salt required for each

experiment, use the double-headed measuring spoon. In

the instructions, the quantities are indicated in “spoons” or

“spoonfuls.”

› › › TIPS

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