Thames & Kosmos Gummy Candy Lab handleiding
Handleiding
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An acid is a substance that gives off hydrogen ions
(H
+
) when dissolved in water. Bases are substances
that give off hydroxide ions (OH
–
) when dissolved in
water. You encounter many acids and bases every
day. A few common examples of acids are vinegar,
lemon juice, the hydrochloric acid your stomach
uses to digest food, and the sulfuric acid used in
car batteries. Baking soda, ammonia, and many
household detergents are bases.
How do you know if a liquid is an acid or a base?
Scientists use a substance called an indicator to
determine if a liquid is acidic or alkaline (basic). An
indicator will change color if it is placed in an acid
or a base. Many plants, such as cherries, violets,
blueberries, and black currants contain natural dyes
that change color in acids and bases. These dyes are
grouped under the name anthocyanins.
Chemists use the pH system to measure acidic
and basic solutions. pH stands for “potential of
hydrogen,” and the p is lowercase while the H is
capitalized. The pH scale goes from 0 to 14. Values
below 7 are acidic and values above 7 are alkaline.
Pure water has a pH of 7, which is considered neutral
— neither acidic or alkaline.
As you already learned, red cabbage contains
anthocyanins allowing it to be used as an indicator.
The image to the right shows how chemicals with
different pH levels make red cabbage juice turn
different colors — acids make it turn reddish, and
bases make it turn more bluish or greenish. It is
purple when the pH is 7 and the solution is neutral.
This means you can use red cabbage to tell the pH
of a substance, which is exactly what you did in this
experiment: You added different acids and bases to
the cabbage juice, and the juice told you their pH
levels by changing color.
DETECTING
ACIDS AND BASES
GEEK
OUT!
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
13
pH
15
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Productinformatie
| Merk | Thames & Kosmos |
| Model | Gummy Candy Lab |
| Categorie | Niet gecategoriseerd |
| Taal | Nederlands |
| Grootte | 7603 MB |
