Thames & Kosmos Chemistry C500 (Version 2.0) handleiding

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Handleiding

Liquid gas?

It’s possible to get a

liquid gas by applying

pressure. You might

have a beverage

carbonating appliance

at home, a device you can

use to make refreshing

sparkling water out of plain

drinking water. In the rear part of the

device there is a cartridge or charger

ﬁlled with liquid carbon dioxide kept

under high pressure. When the cartridge

valve is opened, which releases the

pressure, a portion of the carbon

dioxide turns to gas again and bubbles

through the water in the screwed-on

bottle. It’s a great solution for people

who don't like to lug around cases of

bottled water.

Note:

When the quantity of alkali

exactly equals the quantity of

acid, the reaction of the solution

is neither acidic nor alkaline, but

neutral. When the acidic effect is

cancelled out by the addition of a

base, or an alkaline effect is

cancelled out by the addition of

an acid, it is called neutralization.

NEUTRAL

ACIDIC,

NEUTRAL,

ALKALINE

In Experiment 12, you kept

adding the standard solution

and counting the drops until

you saw the color switch from

red to blue. It’s easy to explain

what caused the color change. As

long as there is still some carbonic

acid present in the mineral water, it

cancels out the effect of the added

standard solution. True, there will be a

temporary blue color at the spot where

the drop falls, since there will be an

excess of sodium carbonate here. When

you swirl the liquid, though, it mixes

things evenly, so the excess acid gets

the upper hand again. Only when the

effect of the acid is cancelled out by

the alkaline effect of the standard

solution does the excess of sodium

carbonate result in a stable blue color.

Chemists refer to this process as

neutralization. The term comes

from the Latin word neuter,

meaning “neither one.” When

the quantity of alkali is exactly

as much as the amount of acid,

the reaction of the solution is

neither acidic nor alkaline, but

neutral.

26 | Still Water and Sparkling Water

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