Friedrich ZoneAire Select PZH12K3SC handleiding

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Handleiding

OPERATION

General Knowledge Sequence Of Refrigeration

A good understanding of the basic operation of the refrigeration system is essential for the service technician. Without this understanding, accurate

troubleshooting of refrigeration system problems will be more difﬁcult and time consuming, if not (in some cases) entirely impossible. The refrigeration

system uses four basic principles in its operation which are as follows:

1. “Heat always ﬂows from a warmer body to a cooler body.”

2. “Heat must be added to or removed from a substance before a change in state can occur”

3. “Flow is always from a higher pressure area to a lower pressure area.”

4. “The temperature at which a liquid or gas changes state is dependent upon the pressure.”

The refrigeration cycle begins at the compressor when a demand is received from the thermostat or control panel. Starting the compressor creates a

low pressure in the suction line which draws refrigerant gas (vapor) into the compressor. The compressor then “compresses” this refrigerant vapor,

creating a super-heated state.

The refrigerant leaves the compressor through the discharge line as a hot high pressure gas (vapor). The refrigerant enters the condenser coil where

it gives up some of its heat. The condenser fan moving air across the coil’s ﬁnned surface facilitates the transfer of heat from the refrigerant to the

relatively cooler outdoor air.

When a sufﬁcient quantity of heat has been removed from the refrigerant gas (vapor), the refrigerant will “condense” (i.e. change to a liquid). Once the

refrigerant has been condensed (changed) to a liquid it is sub-cooled by the air that continues to ﬂow across the condenser coil.

The design determines at exactly what point (in the condenser) the change of state (i.e. gas to a liquid) takes place. In all cases, however, the

refrigerant must be totally condensed (changed) to a liquid before leaving the condenser coil.

The refrigerant leaves the condenser coil through the liquid line as a high pressure high temperature liquid.

The liquid refrigerant next enters the metering device. The metering device is called a capillary tube. The purpose of the metering device is to “meter”

(i.e. control or measure) the quantity of refrigerant entering the evaporator coil.

In the case of the capillary tube this is accomplished (by design) through size (and length) of device, and the pressure difference present across the

device. Since the evaporator coil is under a lower pressure (due to the suction created by the compressor) than the liquid line, the liquid refrigerant

leaves the metering device entering the evaporator coil. As it enters the evaporator coil, the larger area and lower pressure allows the refrigerant

to expand and lower its temperature (heat intensity). This expansion is often referred to as “boiling” or atomizing. Since the unit’s blower is moving

indoor air across the ﬁnned surface of the evaporator coil, the expanding refrigerant absorbs some of that heat. This results in a lowering of the indoor

air temperature, or cooling.

As it enters the evaporator coil, the larger area and lower pressure allows the refrigerant to expand and lower its temperature (heat intensity). This

expansion is often referred to as “boiling” or atomizing. Since the unit’s blower is moving indoor air across the ﬁnned surface of the evaporator coil, the

expanding refrigerant absorbs some of that heat. This results in a lowering of the indoor air temperature, or cooling.

The expansion and absorbing of heat cause the liquid refrigerant to evaporate (i.e. change to a gas). Once the refrigerant has been evaporated

(changed to a gas), it is superheated by the air that continues to ﬂow across the evaporator coil.

The particular system design determines at exactly what point (in the evaporator) the change of state (i.e. liquid to a gas) takes place. In all cases,

however, the refrigerant must be totally evaporated (changed) to a gas before leaving the evaporator coil.

The low pressure (suction) created by the compressor causes the refrigerant to leave the evaporator through the suction line as a superheated vapor.

The refrigerant then returns to the compressor, where the cycle is repeated.

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